دانلود مقاله isi مقایسه روشهای کنونی مورد استفاده در طراحی فراگیر
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توضیحات :
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مشخصات این مقاله :
عنوان مقاله :
A comparison of methods currently used in inclusive design
ترجمه فارسی عنوان :
مقایسه روشهای کنونی مورد استفاده در طراحی فراگیر
سال انتشار : 2014
متعلق به مجله یا ژورنال : ارگونومی کاربردی (Applied Ergonomics)
فرمت: PDF
تعداد صفحات: 9
شماره پروژه: 5020
کلمات کلیدی :
Inclusive design, Methods, Exclusion
طراحی فراگیر، روشها، محرومیت
چکیده :
Abstract
Inclusive design has unique challenges because it aims to improve usability for a wide range of users. This typically includes people with lower levels of ability, as well as mainstream users. This paper examines the effectiveness of two methods that are used in inclusive design: user trials and exclusion calculations (an inclusive design inspection method). A study examined three autoinjectors using both methods (n ¼ 30 for the user trials). The usability issues identified by each method are compared and the effectiveness of the methods is discussed. The study found that each method identified different kinds of issues, all of which are important for inclusive design. We therefore conclude that a combination of methods should be used in inclusive design rather than relying on a single method. Recommendations are also given for how the individual methods can be used more effectively in this context.
مقدمه این مقاله :
Introduction
Inclusive design focuses on making mainstream products and services usable by as many people as is reasonably possible, without requiring them to use specialised adaptations (Keates and Clarkson, 2003). It thus seeks to meet the needs of a wide range of users, including both mainstream users and those with specific needs. In particular, it typically aims to include more of those with lower levels of sensory, motor and cognitive ability.
A range of methods are commonly used in inclusive design, including both general user-centred design methods and methods specifically developed for inclusive design. In particular, user trials are widely considered to be one of the most reliable methods for identifying usability problems, both within user-centred design as a whole (e.g. Nielsen and Landauer, 1993; Ebling and John, 2000) and within inclusive design in particular (e.g. Cardoso et al., 2005).
These trials are commonly used in design practice with limited samples (Goodman-Deane et al., 2010a,b). For example, Sims (2003) found that many designers “only involve a few users, who may not reflect the variety of needs of the target user group”. If more representative samples are sought, it seems likely that practitioners will follow standard practice in mainstream design by looking for a good spread of demographic variables such as age and gender.
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