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عنوان مقاله :
Rising powers from emerging markets—The changing face of international business
ترجمه فارسی عنوان :
بررسی چهره در حال تغيير کسب و کار بين المللی با افزايش قدرت بازار های نوظهور
سال انتشار : 2014
متعلق به مجله یا ژورنال : نشریه نقد و بررسی تجارت بین الملل – International Business Review
فرمت: PDF
تعداد صفحات: 5
شماره پروژه: 5089
مقدمه این مقاله :
Introduction
There is recognition that some emerging economies, in particular China, India and Brazil and their economic dynamism have the potential to change the face of international business (IB). Both in terms of theory but also in terms of the amount of empirical evidence that is currently generated in the domain. Terminology and acronyms such as BRICs, MINTs and ‘rising powers’ are used to highlight the importance of the discourse taking place. However, what is meant by these terms, who is ‘in’ and who is ‘out’ is less clear. This introduction to the special issue theme ‘‘Rising powers from emerging markets—the changing face of international business’’ attempts to explore the phenomenon of ‘rising’, what we actually mean by ‘rising powers’ and provides an overview of IB contributions to emerging country multinationals. We conclude by asking whether emerging country multinationals are actually ‘rising powers’ and pose the question whether they are indeed
challenging the ‘rules of the game’.
2. The phenomenon of ‘rising’
The rise of China, India and Brazil as economic and political ‘drivers’ of the global economy has generated substantial interest, both in policy circles and in academic research. China is now the world’s second biggest economy and despite recent dampening forecasts, promises to grow at a phenomenal pace (Henderson & Nadvi, 2011). India is catching up, albeit with a time-lag, with mergers and acquisitions taking place in sectors as varied as automobiles, pharmaceuticals, and telecommunications. Brazilian multinationals are now major global players in mining, oil and a number of agro-processing sectors (Fleury & Fleury, 2011). Together, these economies and associated firms have managed to sustain growth despite the economic downturn, captured headlines in business magazines such as BusinessWeek and the Economist,seized interest from consulting firms such as McKinsey & Co. and the Boston Consulting Group and ignited recent scholarly interest on the internationalisation of emerging country firms (Luo & Tung, 2007;Makino, Lau, & Yeh, 2002; Ramamurti & Singh, 2009a).What is interesting in this new rise of powerful players,particularly when compared to earlier work on FDI from developing countries (Lall, 1983; Wells, 1983), is that it may not simply be a revision of the earlier experience. The growth of Korean multinationals serves as an example of late industrialisation (Amsden, 1989), whereby industries learnt from earlier innovators, rather than innovate themselves. However, India and China are becoming major producers of products and services for global markets by pursuing rather distinctive development paths. In fact, there is evidence of highly creative response to institutional discontinuity in their domestic environment and tremendously swift build-up of innovation capabilities (Altenburg, Schmitz, & Stamm, 2008; Chittoor, Sarkar, Ray, & Aulakh, 2009; Luo, Xue, & Han, 2010; Williamson & Zeng, 2009; Zeng & Williamson, 2007). A critical question is thus whether these countries influence the ‘rules of the game’, challenge existing paradigms regarding firm competitiveness and performance and whether the ‘rise’ of these
actors is thus a truly new phenomenon or rather a revisiting of previous patterns of competitive development.
3. What do we mean by rising powers from emerging markets?
Whilst there is no explicit criteria of how particular countries may be classified as ‘rising powers’ it is clear that they would be large emerging economies such as the so-called BRICs (O’Neill, 2001). In a never ending search for neologisms, attention has now expanded to the ‘MINT’ countries, referring to the economies of Mexico,
Indonesia, Nigeria and Turkey (Wright, 2014). Irrespective of the actual term used, some traction can be gained from separating the ‘rise’ from ‘power’. That such countries are ‘rising’ in a strictly economic sense is of course a matter of fact. The significance of which is widely acknowledged by international business consul-
tants and the ‘investment community’ (Boston Consulting Group et al., 2013; Fourcade, 2013) as well as within IB and cognate academic literatures in economic development, international political economy and economic geography. IB scholars have discussed the challenges and opportunities that these economies
provide for MNEs from ‘advanced’ countries for some time (Khanna, Palepu, & Bullock, 2010; Luo, 2007; Luo & Peng, 1999). Nadvi (2014) has sought to provide one particular framework to define ‘rising power’ that emphasizes economic scale, a growing dominance in international trade within particular sectors, a substantial and growing domestic market, a strong and effective state, a significant and expanding segment of private capital which is increasingly international in nature, and a growing voice for civil society.
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در این مقاله خواهید خواند که برخی از اقتصاد های در حال ظهور از جمله چين ، هند،برزيل در حال به رسميت شناخته شدن هستند.که داراي پتانسيل تغيير چهره بازار بين المللی IB مي باشند. ما در اين مقاله به اين پرسش پاسخ مي دهيم که ايا شرکت هاي چند مليتی در حال ظهور کشور با افزايش قدرت خود قواعد بازی را به چالش مي کشند!
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